Integration of Faith and Learning I Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Integration of Faith and Learning I - Essay Example To begin with, one might point out that in spite of the fact that the above mentioned verse does not define what â€Å"a good name† is, it clearly states the supremacy of character over temporal values such as money. In other words, this verse urges a person to put emphasis on personal spiritual development and have a sound, well developed character instead of a bank account full of money. This means that working on oneself is more preferable than spending time on earning additional money. The logic behind this is quite simple: while money is a resource that can be destroyed easily (spend or inflate), good character as well as a good name that comes with it will never spoil. Secondly, the same verse might also be applied to a firm. In this case, a good name should be understood as reputation and riches – financial funds. Indeed, the above mentioned abstract of the Bible teaches firms to pay attention toward building a good reputation in stead of accumulating financial resources. The logic that this guideline features is similar to the one that was discussed previously: a firm should not consider money to be basis of its prosperity, but rather a good reputation that can last for many years, while money can be arrested or blocked, leaving a firm helpless. Finally, one would make no mistake suggesting that the above mentioned verse might be interpreted in terms of marketing and management. Thus, the Bible argues that it is highly beneficial for a company to contribute to its reputation in different ways. For example, it is important to avoid involvement in scandals and make sure that every employee is working on strengthening firm’s positive image which will later be used as a competitive advantage when it comes to positioning on the market. Having examined all the points mentioned in the paragraphs above, in spite of the fact that the Bible is largely considered to be a sacred book of a particular religion, the ideas that it embraces may not

GreenZone The Movie Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

GreenZone The Movie - Essay Example However, it became apparent that the weapons of mass destruction that was being searched for by the American army were never found. The green zone movie can therefore be described as a reality movie since it tells a real story about the America and Iraq conflict (Mowle, 7). However, other scholars and movie analyst have argued on the contrary. The production of this movie first was initiated in Spain, then to Morocco and was first released in Russia and Australia in the year 2010 during the month of March and later was available in America after few days of release. According to Mowle, (9), the movie does not refer to the invasion by the American troops into Iraq but it demonstrates the several attacks that the American government had done to the countries to the east which includes Iraq and the Afghanistan as well as the intension of the American government to attack some of the nations to the east in search of weapons of mass destruction. It is important to note that nuclear weapon s has been one of the America’s big issue of concern for the security of the world. The weapons of mass destruction posses a security threat to the U.S. government and the other western nations and Europe. According to, the movie therefore demonstrates how America has begun and the overall intension and objective of America to destroy all weapons of Mass destruction. However, the fact remains that it is one of the current movies that tells the recent American experiences in the war in Iraq. Greene zone has also received certain political interpretation from different people who have viewed it as a political tool that was meant to harm the American government. According to Scott, the movie is an â€Å"anti American movie† and does not reflect the true experiences of the soldiers in the war. Others have also argued that is an antiwar and hence it does not reflect a sincere picture of what the American soldiers experienced in Iraq. The character of Miller forms the basis of these arguments by the political interpreters of this movie. This is because of his rogue activities and disobedient to the government which is described in the movie as being corrupt. The movie represents the corrupt pentagon through the character of Kinnear and hence the political side view of this movie asserts that the government did not play its role in the search for the weapons of mass destruction in Iraq. In this context, the movie seeks to send to the minds of Audiences how the government forced an attack which was not important. Others have however contradicted these arguments stating that the movie main themes to outline the mistakes that the American government made before they could actually authorize the attacks on Iraq and the attitude of the soldiers towards such attack. However as stated by Scott, the political controversies cannot be described as irrelevant or relevant. In this context, it is noticeable that the government through pentagon made mistakes before a uthenticating the war against Iraq. Gonzales who is one of the people involved in the war and whom the character of Miller is based has put everything straight. Gonzales has argued that the political controversies are meaningless and the reactions from political interpreters are inappropriate. According to Scott, Gonzales was one of the technical persons in the processing

Old Spice verses Axe - Which is More Effective Research Paper

Old Spice verses Axe - Which is More Effective - Research Paper Example Some of the respondents answered that sexuality is natural and therefore it is alright to use axe for these experiences while other respondents felt annoyed that these aspects must not be used for commercial advertising. Axe incorporates much higher tendency of sexuality in its commercials while old spice keeps it moderate. Perhaps due to this reason, the effectiveness and popularity of old spice is way higher than axe till date. Brand Extension is defined as that marketing strategy of a company in which the company uses the same brand name for different products. An example of Dove can be taken in this regard. The company uses the same brand name that is ‘Dove’ for all its products which include bar soap, face wash, hand wash, body wash, shampoos, conditioners, deodorants, moisturizers, hair color etc. The original brand name is Dove which is used for the entire product range of the company. Line Extension is that marketing strategy where the company uses the same brand name for launching new variants of the existing products. In this case, the company can introduce new flavors, colors, sizes, forms, packaging, added ingredients etc. An example of ‘Maggi’ can be taken in this case. The company uses the same brand name for all the new variants it launch be it noodles, soups, flavorings anything. Private Brand is those products which are produced, marketed, distributed and controlled by retailers. There is the famous example of Private Brand in U.K. the most popular examples are ASDA, Sainsbury, Tesco which produce, control and market products by their own names. There is a number of products produced and marketed by these famous stores.

Effective Assessment Practices Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Effective Assessment Practices Paper - Essay Example Therefore, enrolled medical attendants need to utilize various sources to distinguish answers for clinical practice issues, including perusing through proficient nursing diaries. The following are some of the pros and cons of the various assessment method used in nurse practice: While numerous educators incorporate reflection as part of their practice, fewer use basic steps is crucial to further student’s obligation regarding their learning. High-stake choices incorporate sound appraisal systems that profit both the learner and the clients (Ancess 2000). Once stated, the comprehensive assessment process must approve the information, aptitudes and judgment needed by the student’s medical attendant to practice proficiently and securely. Accessible quantitative and qualitative information has proved that the portfolio might be a valuable and dependable evaluation tool, if the fitting measures and backups are set up also (Ancess, 2000). These backups incorporate furnishing assessors with a sound and comprehensive evaluation tool, and concentrated preparation. Portfolios are suitable as blended reports of their prosperity are developed. Portfolios in post-graduate health awareness instructions are useful in helping intelligent practice, conveying summative appraisal, supporting information administration forms, and are a key association between learning at authoritative and individual levels. However, the length of formal evaluation focuses on the logic of estimation, portfolios are hard to evaluate and require the improvement of similar systems for appraisal (Ancess, 2000). Moreover, they give people a hard time when ranking contributors or certain programs that base on quantity or unvarying processes; all the same, if a person decides to rank nurses’ performance using portfolio, the only way to do it is through judgment, but this

International Terrorism and the Meaning of Islam Essay

International Terrorism and the Meaning of Islam - Essay Example According to Rashid (2002), Muslim militants have been known to engage in a variety of terror acts ranging from beheadings, bombings, kidnappings, suicide attacks, hijackings and spree killings. Such incidences of terror have been witnessed in numerous places around the world such as America, Asia, Europe, Africa, the Pacific, and Middle East. The Muslim militants commonly referred to as Jihadists, usually net out violence to non-Muslims, terming it Jihad. Many people in different parts of the world who have been hard hit by these acts of terror are usually left wondering whether Islam is a religion of piece, violence, or both. The social meaning of Islam has been to inculcate peace and love for one another. Muslims claim that Islam teaches them to be compassionate and to care for everyone in society. However, confusion is brought about by Islamic teachings which propagate that Muslims should wrestle all those who do not trust or worship Allah, and those who do not adopt the religion of Islam. This has been one religious teaching that they have used to justify their acts of terror. This has been the main reason why the Western mind has a skewed meaning about the social meaning of Islam because it is not clear what they stand for. On one hand, they purport to teach and preach peace and love among one another, yet, on the other hand, they continuously engage in acts of terrorism, mostly against non-Muslims, which lead to mass deaths, loss of life, and destruction of property (Avner, 2008).

The romantic period and the poems of Blake Essay Example for Free

The romantic period and the poems of Blake Essay The Romantic Period which lasted 1785 to 1830 was a significant period that made a paramount contribution to the growth of English language and literature. The writers of the Romantic period were influenced by historical events such as the French revolution. Thus the Romantic period was shaped by a multitude of political, social, and economic changes. Many writers of the period were aware of a pervasive intellectual and imaginative climate which some called as Zeitgeist: Spirit of the age. Some poets call themselves as visionary bards who had the capability to prognosticate the future. There are six major writers that represent in the concepts of the Romantic period by names: Wordsworth, Keats, Percy Shelly, Byron, Coleridge and Blake. The work of these writes can be categorized under different themes. William Blake was a poet who lashed out against repression in all its many forms. The plight of the oppressed, be it the wretched child condemned to the drudgery of chimney sweeping, the hapless soldier, the youthful harlot or the robin redbreast in a cage moved him to a furious advocacy of liberty and the repudiation of reason which was seen as having a tyrannical hold on man preventing him from breaking out of the bonds that held him. Blakes Chimney sweeper in the songs of experience, crying weep, weep in notes of woe that his parents oblivious to the poor creatures suffering are gone to praise God and his priest and king/ who make a heaven of our misery. According to the boys words it is possible to deduce that it is their false reasoning that blinds them to the chimney sweepers plight; And because I am happy, dance and sing / they think they have done me no injury. Thus while openly criticizing and rejecting the traditionally accepted figures of authority the poet subtly shows that the tyrannical system is maintained by reason. Blakes Garden of Love clearly exhibits how the church has become a harmful to the people while creating disillusionment in the poets mind. The church is openly criticized by Blake for not being truly religious but being a pernicious institution The Garden indicates the romantic symbols of joy and innocence. But in the middle of the garden A chapel has been built. The graves indicate the death of that joy and innocence. Among Blakes work the poem which manifests this theme best is London. The poet is looking at the marks of weakness, marks of woe plainly etched on the faces of the passes by. As the poem develops the causes for the suffering of the Londoners are made clear. Blake accuses the blackening church for the sorrow of the innocent chimney sweepers. The hapless soldiers life is frittered away by the rulers and the young women with no means of sustenance are forced into eking out a meager living through the dangerous trade of harlotry. London echoes and resounds with cries of suffering and marks of weakness, marks of woe apparent on every face the bard encounters manifest the complete permeation of suffering in London society. However, this is also a society where there not only exists Institutionalized religion and governance but these very authority figures suppress the growth of the society by burdening it with manifold sufferings and turning a deaf ear to the protests of the people. Unfortunately, the troubles of London are not limited to a socio-political sphere. If so they could have been righted by revolution. The greatest enemy the Londoners face is the mind forged manacles which prevent them from moving on to a better life. How does one fight a foe firmly wedged in ones mind, restraining growth? Blakes songs of innocence are peopled with children, rural folk and harmless animals like lambs. They are characteristically joyful and innocent enjoying all they see and experience. Their state is one filled with unsophisticated spirituality and optimism. The Lamb is written in the form of a childs monologue with a sheep. The innocence of the child, its simple enjoyment of the beauty of nature and the close communion it has with nature is apparent in the guileless act of speaking to an animal. The child finds delight in the sheeps soft and bright fleece, and its tender voice. The child in its innocence poses one of the most profound questions that have been troubling humanity for millennia: that of origin, Little lamb who made thee? / Dost thou know who made thee? However, the child answers its own question with a strong simple belief in the Christian teachings, He is called by thy name / for he calls himself a lamb Enjoying the simple beauty and safety of un-fallen nature the child finds it possible to connect Jesus and God the creator with the world around itself. The state of innocence inherent in the child coupled with his lack of experience in evil prevents him from questioning the existence of cruel powers as the adult persona of The Tiger does, Did he who make the lamb make thee (tiger)? Another poem of Blakes which manifests the innocent spirituality of children and the noble savage is The Little Black Boy. Seated under a tree shading them from the tropical sun the mother teaches spirituality and Gods Infinite love to her little Negro son. The boy is taught to regard sun shine as a part of Gods love giving off light and heat to the flowers and trees and beasts and men. Thus the boy learns to view all things in nature as a part of Gods kingdom, receiving his love and protection. The colour of the skin is viewed as a temporary covering to be shed when souls have learnt to bear Gods love. The Negro boy sees spiritual love as a force common to all, transcending barriers of color and race. Therefore he is ready to teach this lesson of eternal love and grace to the white boy of whom the poet gives the impression as not being so innocent and worthy of Gods love as the black boy who will shade from the heat till the former is spiritually developed and capable of facing Gods love. Thus drawing on the objects of nature such as the sun, clouds, flora and fauna the little black boy builds up a spiritual message on unconditional love in the afterlife. The antithetical states of innocence and experience, their relative merits and demerits were of deep concern to Blake as portrayed through his songs of innocence and experience. The state of innocence abounds with joy, optimism and love but is sullied by its nai ve, rose tinted outlook on life. In The Little Black Boy the innocent purity of the little boys belief in divine love and the promise of a better life in the world hereafter are endearing. With a great deal of tender maternal love his mother teachers him the greater lesson of divine love. The poet draws a touching and interesting picture of the mother and the son engaged in their lessons under a tree. The boys belief and practice of love surpasses barriers of race and color as he will look after the English boy, shading him from the heat, till he can bear / to lean in joy upon our fathers knee. It is a touching and moving picture of humanity and piety but although the little back boy discards racial barriers due to his inexperience, the negative effects of racial discrimination are nevertheless apparent through his words. The little black boys attitude towards the English boy appears to be rather subservient throughout despite the fact that the former seems fuller of Christian virtues. It is a society where fairness is clearly associated with goodness and darkness with its opposite. This becomes apparent in the lines, White as an angel is the English child, / But I am black, as if bereaved of light. These lines are innocently uttered by the boy with no bitterness but the connotations of racial discrimination are present in them. The black boy persisting in his belief that in the after life both black and white will be equal, phrases this view in a manner which once again brings out the effects of the color bar, And be like him (the white boy) and he will love me. This gives rise to several questions such as, why cannot the white boy be like the black boy and not vice versa? Is the white boy only capable of loving the God? Even though Blake was added to the romantic period after poetry his poetry make a huge contribution to the Romantic ideas and views.

Benefits Of Mangroves Forests Environmental Sciences Essay

Benefits Of Mangroves Forests Environmental Sciences Essay The general distribution of mangrove forests are in both tropical and sub-tropical parts of the world with them only being found at latitudes of 25oN and 25oS of the equator and in as high latitudes as 32 oC which is in 117 countries (Barbier Cox 2003) where the sea surface temperature does not get lower then 16oC because they cannot withstand freezing temperatures. According to literature, it is estimated that 75% of the worlds mangrove forests are found in 15 countries (Giri, et al 2011). The proportions of mangrove forests found throughout the world are as follows (Giri et al 2011): Asia: 42% Africa: 21% North/Central America: 15% Oceana: 12% South America: 11% Mangrove forests inhabit tidal areas which include estuaries which receive a somewhat indirect tidal influence and marine shorelines which receive direct tidal influences. The forest is flushed by seawater which is brought in by high tide that inundates the forest floor for an extended period each day and at low tides the water recedes. Due to evapouration, the soil salinity becomes concentrated and raises to high levels (NOAA 2010). Benefits of mangrove forests According to Ronnback (1999) some of the products that can be had from mangrove forests are as follows: Fuel which includes firewood, charcoal and alcohol Construction material such as timber for scaffolds and heavy construction, Beams, poles, flooring, panelling, etc. Fishing: poles for fish traps, fish attracting shelters, fishing floats, fish poison and tannins for net and line preservation Food and beverages: fish, Crustaceans, Molluscs and Other fauna. Vegetables from propagules, fruit and leaves, Tea substitutes,Alcohol,Vinegar and Fermented drinks Household items: Furniture,Glue,Wax,Household utensils, Incense and Matchsticks Textiles and leather: Fur, skins, Synthetic fibres (e.g. rayon),Dye for cloth and Tannins for leather preservation Other products very useful products that can be harvested from mangrove forests are: Fish, shellfish and mangrove roots for aquarium trade Medicines from bark, leaves, fruits and seeds Fodder for cattle, goats and camels Fertilisers Lime Paper Raw material for handicraft Cigarette wrappers Ecosystems services obtain from the mangrove resource are as follows (Ronnback 1999): Acts as a natural sea defence Provides biophysical support for coastal ecosystems Provides biological regulation of ecosystem processes and functions Production of oxygen It functions as a carbon sink so it will have an impact on local and global climate It sustains the livelihood of global communities Heritage, cultural, spiritual and religious values Educational and scientific information Recreation and tourism Statement of the Problem In the years gone by mangrove forests were being increasingly destroyed by persons that are seeking a livelihood or just see the mangroves as a cheap and readily available fuel source. This leads to each one of these so called users to try to exploit this resource to their maximum benefit and cannot be prevented from doing so (free rider problem) because this resource is what we call common property which further contributes to the destruction and degradation of mangroves since there is no defined ownership or responsibilities towards the resource. In recent years many countries especially developing countries have begun to increase their economic activity in pursuit of development from which the pollution negatively affect the mangroves either directly or indirectly. Causes of mangrove degradation and destruction Negative Externalities Firstly, we know that a negative externality occurs when an individual, a group or firm makes a decision that only makes consideration for direct costs of production and not the costs of pollution caused by the consumption of the good and services produced i.e. they make a decision to produce certain goods and services which negatively affect third parties and the environment in the form of pollution whether it be air, water, etc. This pollution in some cases are unregulated which causes market inefficiency because the cost of pollution cause by the consumption of goods and services will not be reflected in the market price proposed (Helbling 2012). In the case of mangroves, there are a number of activities produce negative externalities that affect this ecosystem and cause extensive degradation and destruction. Some of the main ones are as follows (Kathiresan 2012): Agricultural expansion and encroachment e.g. vast expansion of aquaculture farms that produce shrimp in countries such as Honduras, Thailand, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, et cetera. This is also a result of increase population growth and the demand for food which requires more land to keep up with this demand so in essence its land scarcity that causes the encroachment into the mangrove forests and the land to be converted. Urbanization e.g. in Haiti mangrove mudflats are being cleared to build homes Cutting for timber, fuel and charcoal e.g. in Haiti vast areas of mangrove forests are decertified by poor farmers desperately trying to making a living from charcoal making Prevention of freshwater flow and tidal flow e.g. in Guyana when the Berbice River Bridge was first constructed, it cut off some of the tidal flow of water to a section of the mangrove forest through which it passes which caused part of the forest to start dying off Pollution e.g. in Guyana haphazardly disposed plastic bottles used in the beverage industry end up in the drains and make the way out into the sea and are washed back up on shore and are trapped in the mangrove forests where they accumulate to very large amounts and cause extensive pollution This negative externality problem can also be as a result of unallocated property rights (Schenk 2002). Even Though the mangrove resource common property status would be changed through regulation, the fact remain that the air above the mangroves and the water surrounding them (both surface and ground) are still considered as common property so anyone that are involved in economic activities cannot be told not to pollute the air over the mangrove or not to pollute the surface and ground water resources beneath the mangroves because in actuality no owns them; hence the surrounding resources will collapse as described in the Tragedy of the Commons (Hardin 1968). When the air and water (surface and ground) are polluted they will cause a great amount of degradation and destruction to the mangrove forests which will cause them to reduce in area. This has been so extensive in some areas of the world; those areas which once had mangroves are today completely without because of all the unregulated negative externalities cause by economic activities over the years (Baten 2009). Common Property Common property is basically any resource that is considered shared property or have no specific ownership or property rights and this includes a wide range of natural resources along with the goods and services that can be derived from them (Wade 1987). In many countries the mangrove forests are considered as common property in which a lot of individuals use the mangrove forest as a means of making a livelihood by harvesting its various products such as wild meat, timber, fish, shrimp, et cetera. According to Hardin (1968) in an essay titled The Tragedy of the Commons from which he basically emphasized that every individual using the resource (in this case the mangrove forest) will seek to maximize his/her benefits that are being derived from the forest and as result of this the resource will be doomed to overuse which will cause the ecosystem to become depleted and eventually collapse. This problem is evident in many countries worldwide especially in the third world countries where people consider harvesting the timber from mangrove forest is a cheap and affordable source of energy so this leads to widespread degradation and destruction (Scherr and Yadav 1996). For example in Guyana, mangrove timber was used as a source of fuel in cremation and other religious ceremonies. This was also practiced among the Hindustani community in Suriname. Solutions Negative Externalities The problem of negative externalities can be solved by the parties that are involved and one of the most common ways of doing this is through a political process that is called a tacit agreement. In this system, governments are elected that represent the citizens and to come to compromises in certain interests (Hussain 2011). In the case of the mangroves, what happens is that governments pass laws and regulations to address the negative externalities that affect the mangrove forests e.g. in countries such as Guyana, Fiji, et cetera there has been implementation of mangrove management plans that set standards, targets and processing requirements as it relates to mangroves so that destruction and degradation will be reduced. This is what is known as Command and Control Regulations which also includes environmental taxing reforms (Pigouvian taxes) where each unit of pollution is taxed (Hussain 2011) e.g. environmental tax on plastic bottles used in the beverage industry of Guyana tradable pollution permits or the creation of markets for ecological services similar to those that are used in Europe. Another strategy that can be used is through bargaining in which stakeholders can come together and come to common grounds to bring about and efficient outcome without government intervention which would put stricter sanctions on the use of the mangrove resource and this is known as the Coase Theorem (1960). This was put into practice in Jamaica to reduce the rate of deforestation of the mangrove forests as well as other forest types on lands that are privately owned. Common Property According to Hardin (1968) and others suggested the most likely solution to The Tragedy of the Commons is to impose some form of regulation on the small scale livelihood activities that utilize this natural resource since it would be in the best interest to society for this to be done. This regulation is also needed because if this ecosystem collapses, there will be a great cost that will be bourne by all of society since the many ecosystem services such as coastal protection, erosion protection, et cetera will be lost. In Guyana, the common properties status of mangrove was somewhat eliminated by designation the responsibilities of the mangrove resource to the Guyana Work Services Group (WSG) which have responsibility for sea defences and this include the mangrove resource (Guyana Mangrove Action Project 2011). Regarding the legislation that was needed to make this solution more efficient, a legislative review indicated that mangrove protection to more will be more efficient when loopholes are closed. Fortunately the legislative framework for immediate protection already existed and as it was within the power of the Minister of Agriculture to declare any tree a protected species and this was done (Guyana Mangrove Action Project 2011). On January 29, 2010 the Minister of Agriculture amended to Regulation 17 of the Principal Regulations by the substitution of the following (Guyana Mangrove Action Project 2011): Protected Trees 17. (1) No bullet-wood tree or red, black or white mangrove trees shall be felled without first obtaining the permission in writing of an authorized forest officer not below the rank of an Assistant Commissioner of Forests (GoG 2009) so this effectively listed the mangrove as a special category under the GFCs code of practice. Rangers called mangrove wardens were also trained and hired then stationed in a newly established mangrove management units which has the responsibility to regulate any activities taking place within the mangrove forests. Since the implementation of this plan, there has been a positive response in the acreage of the mangroves forest. There has actually been an increase in the area of mangrove forests on Guyanas coast and this has been possible through revegetation and afforestation programmes (Guyana Mangrove Action Project 2011). There has even been natural mangrove regeneration in areas where there hasnt been any growth in many decades because of the unregulated usage that was previously allowed. Discussion In the solution that was used to curb the negative externalities that affected the mangrove resource what was done is that by implementing the environmental tax on goods and services, the cost of the damage that was done to the resource was internalised into the market prices of the goods and service that were produced by the industries which were negatively affecting the resource directly or indirectly. Hence the cost of the damages done to the mangroves was no longer an external cost and this eliminated this inefficiency that was present beforehand (Pigou 1920). Although Pigouvian taxes are an efficient ways of handling the negative externalities that would affect the mangrove resource because basically the more the tax is raised, the more incentive there will be to reduce the level of negative externalities (Mankiw 1998). However, Carlton and Loury (1980) argued that a pure Pigouvian tax instrument will fail to address this problem over the long run so it must be combined with other instruments such as technology and performance standards. With the solution taken toward the common property problem, the strategy simply just reduced the level of access to the mangrove forest which was done using governmental policies that now restricts the way in which the resource is used i.e. a command and control regulation. This system by itself is inefficient hence so they would have to be combined with an incentive or market based solution in the form of fines for breaching the newly set policies hence individuals and firms will have an incentive to follow the policies in order to avoid having to pay the fines (U.S Environmental Protection Agency 2010). Conclusion In the past because of the open-access or common property nature of the mangrove resource we saw that most of the market benefits where only gained by a few select individuals or firms while the non-consumptive benefits (erosion protection, oxygen production, carbon sequestration, et cetera) which could benefit all of society was only short lived. Now that that resource is regulated we can see that it will stay intact for longer periods of time and we can see society benefiting more from it because the non-consumptive benefits (marginal benefits) would be increased and the marginal cost of the resource to society would be decreased.